Primal Religions Chapter Review

1. They tended to come before the major/popular religious traditions. A characteristics is that they practice their own unique tradition.
2. The ancestors gave shape to landscape and created various forms of life. They put people into tribes, specified their locations, and to determined the languages and everything.
3. The ancestors presence
4. A totem is an entity that symbolizes an individual or group and it has special significance for the religious life of that individual. Taboo is a system of social ordering that dictates that specific object and activities.
5. Its only through rituals that the sacred power of the Dreaming can be accessed and experienced.
6. The Ancestors in the Dreaming taught the first humans the rituals.
7. They awaken young people to spiritual identity and redefine their social identity within the tribe
8. The first initiation is when a boys tooth is pulled out and buried in the ground and the other is circumcision.
9. Nigeria, Benin, and Togo
10. Its where the Yoruba believe that the god Orisha-nla began to create the world
11. They believe that reality is divided into two separate worlds:heaven and earth. Heaven is where all the god and ancestors and earth is where normal experiences happen.
12. He is the supreme god and they believe that he is the primary source of power.
13. They are lesser deities but they are sources of sacred power
14. Orisha-nla is the one who is said to have created earth and Ogun who is the god of iron.
15. A mischievous supernatural being
16. Family ancestors gained a supernatural status by doing right and are praised by their own families. Defied ancestors are those who are worshiped by a large number of people.
17. They facilitate communication with the appropriate deity or ancestor.
18. Its when ones future can be learned and its essential because it tells you how to proceed with your life.
19. twenty thousand to thirty years ago
20. Its a representative of American Indian religion and is a model
21. It means most sacred and refers to sixteen separate deities
22. the Lakota trickster figure
23. They believe that four souls depart from a person at death, one which journeys on the Milky Way where an old women decides whether it can go to the other world or return to the earth as a ghost and the other spirits are reborn into children.
24. spiritual power that will ensure greater success
25. its a dark and airtight hut made of saplings and covered with animal skin and represents the universe. its used for spiritual and physical purification.
26. a message is often communicated or a guardian spirit
27. a medicine man
28. its the axis or center of the universe and for the Sun Dance, its a tree that is carefully selected
29. they believe that giving their bodies is the only suitable sacrifice
30. They were a highly developed civilization and they predated catholicism
31. Present day mexico and extended to the Honduras, nicaragua, and costa rica
32. Quetzalcoatl;Teotihuacan
33. He was known for creating the sun
34. the fifth sun and its supposed to be the last sun
35. they thought they had four quadrants extending outward from the center of the universe
36. because of the potency of the divine forces
37. they could communicate with the gods and make offerings through language
38. Cortes came and looked like the main god that they thought was going to return
39. its held at the end of October and joins the living and the dead through festive and spiritually meaningful rituals
40. all-encompassing nature of religion, change, and the supernatural and human worlds